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When Health Begins
The Virtual Human Embryo
Prenatal Development DVD
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Multilingual Illustrated DVD
Multilingual Illustrated DVD
[Tutorial]
The Biology of Prenatal Development
Introduction
0 - 4 Weeks
4 - 6 Weeks
6 - 8 Weeks
8 Weeks
8 - 12 Weeks
3 - 4 Months
4 - 6 Months
6 Months - Birth
生前発育の生物学
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 – Introduction
Chapter 2 – Terminology
THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD (THE FIRST 8 WEEKS)
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: THE FIRST 4 WEEKS
Chapter 3 – Fertilization
Chapter 4 – DNA, Cell Division, and Early Pregnancy Factor (EPF)
Chapter 5 – Early Stages (Morula and Blastocyst) and Stem Cells
Chapter 6 – 1 to 1 1/2 Weeks: Implantation and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
Chapter 7 – The Placenta and Umbilical Cord
Chapter 8 – Nutrition and Protection
Chapter 9 – 2 to 4 Weeks: Germ Layers and Organ Formation
Chapter 10 – 3 to 4 Weeks: The Folding of the Embryo
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: 4 TO 6 WEEKS
Chapter 11 – 4 Weeks: Amniotic Fluid
Chapter 12 – The Heart in Action
Chapter 13 – Brain Growth
Chapter 14 – Limb Buds and Skin
Chapter 15 – 5 Weeks: Cerebral Hemispheres
Chapter 16 – Major Airways
Chapter 17 – Liver and Kidneys
Chapter 18 – Yolk Sac and Germ Cells
Chapter 19 – Hand Plates and Cartilage
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: 6 TO 8 WEEKS
Chapter 20 – 6 Weeks: Motion and Sensation
Chapter 21 – The External Ear and Blood Cell Formation
Chapter 22 – The Diaphragm and Intestines
Chapter 23 – Hand Plates and Brainwaves
Chapter 24 – Nipple Formation
Chapter 25 – Limb Development
Chapter 26 – 7 Weeks: Hiccups and Startle Response
Chapter 27 – The Maturing Heart
Chapter 28 – Ovaries and Eyes
Chapter 29 – Fingers and Toes
THE 8-WEEK EMBRYO
Chapter 30 – 8 Weeks: Brain Development
Chapter 31 – Right- and Left-Handedness
Chapter 32 – Rolling Over
Chapter 33 – Eyelid Fusion
Chapter 34 – "Breathing" Motion and Urination
Chapter 35 – The Limbs and Skin
Chapter 36 – Summary of the First 8 Weeks
THE FETAL PERIOD (8 WEEKS THROUGH BIRTH)
Chapter 37 – 9 Weeks: Swallows, Sighs, and Stretches
Chapter 38 – 10 Weeks: Rolls Eyes and Yawns, Fingernails & Fingerprints
Chapter 39 – 11 Weeks: Absorbs Glucose and Water
Chapter 40 – 3 to 4 Months (12 to 16 Weeks): Taste Buds, Jaw Motion, Rooting Reflex, Quickening
Chapter 41 – 4 to 5 Months (16 to 20 Weeks): Stress Response, Vernix Caseosa, Circadian Rhythms
Chapter 42 – 5 to 6 Months (20 to 24 Weeks): Responds to Sound; Hair and Skin; Age of Viability
Chapter 43 – 6 to 7 Months (24 to 28 Weeks): Blink-Startle; Pupils Respond to Light; Smell and Taste
Chapter 44 – 7 to 8 Months (28 to 32 Weeks): Sound Discrimination, Behavioral States
Chapter 45 – 8 to 9 Months (32 to 36 Weeks): Alveoli Formation, Firm Grasp, Taste Preferences
Chapter 46 – 9 Months to Birth (36 Weeks through Birth)
Embryonic Development: 6 to 8 Weeks
Chapter 20
6 Weeks: Motion and Sensation
See Snapshots
6 週までに大脳半球は 脳の他の部分と比べ 急激な発達をします
胎芽は 自発的な反射運動を始めます この運動は 正常な神経筋発達を 促すために必要です
See Snapshots
口の周囲に触れると 胎芽は 反射的に頭をすくめます
Chapter 21
The External Ear and Blood Cell Formation
See Snapshots
外耳が形成され始めます
See Snapshots
6 週までに 肝臓では血球の形成が 行われています リンパ球が見られます この種類の白血球は 免疫系の発達に 重要な役割を果たします
Chapter 22
The Diaphragm and Intestines
横隔膜は 呼吸の際に使われる 主要な筋肉ですが 6 週までに 大体形成されます
See Snapshots
今のところ 腸の一部が 一時的に臍帯へ突出しています これは正常な過程であり 生理的ヘルニアと呼ばれますが この突出により腹部器官の 発達する余裕が生まれるのです
Chapter 23
Hand Plates and Brainwaves
See Snapshots
6 週までに 手板は かすかに平になります
See Snapshots
胎芽の脳波は 早ければ6 週 日で 記録されます
Chapter 24
Nipple Formation
See Snapshots
乳首が体幹の側面にそって現れ まもなく最終的な場所である 胸の前面に落ち着きます
Chapter 25
Limb Development
See Snapshots
6 週半までに 腕が 識別できるようになり 指が分かれ始め 手の動きを見ることができます
See Snapshots
骨化と呼ばれる骨の形成は 鎖骨および 上顎と下顎の骨から 始まります
Chapter 26
7 Weeks: Hiccups and Startle Response
See Snapshots
7 週までに しゃっくりが 観察されます
この頃には足の動作や 驚愕反応が見られます
Chapter 27
The Maturing Heart
See Snapshots
4室の心臓は 大体完成します この頃の平均心拍数は 1 分間167 回です
7 週半に記録された 電気的活動は 大人のものと似通った 波形を表しています
Chapter 28
Ovaries and Eyes
See Snapshots
女の胎芽の場合 7 週までに 卵巣が識別できます
See Snapshots
7 週半までに 眼の色素上網膜が 簡単に観察でき 瞼は 急速な成長期を迎えます
Chapter 29
Fingers and Toes
See Snapshots
指は 離ればなれになり 足の指は 付け根のみで結合し
See Snapshots
この頃になると 手足を合わせます
ひざの関節も見られます
Introduction
0 - 4 Weeks
4 - 6 Weeks
6 - 8 Weeks
8 Weeks
8 - 12 Weeks
3 - 4 Months
4 - 6 Months
6 Months - Birth