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This program is distributed in
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The dynamic process by which
the single-cell human zygote
becomes a 100-trillion-cell
adult is perhaps
the most remarkable
phenomenon in all of nature.
Researchers now know that many
of the routine functions
performed by the adult body
become established
during pregnancy -
often long before birth.
The developmental period
before birth
is increasingly understood
as a time of preparation
during which
the developing human
acquires the many structures,
and practices
the many skills, needed
for survival after birth.
Chapter 2 Terminology
Pregnancy in humans normally
lasts approximately 38 weeks
as measured from the time
of fertilization,
or conception, until birth.
During the first 8 weeks
following fertilization,
the developing human
is called an embryo,
which means "growing within."
This time, called
the embryonic period,
is characterized
by the formation
of most major body systems.
From the completion of 8 weeks
until the end of pregnancy,
"the developing human
is called a fetus,"
which means "unborn offspring."
During this time,
called the fetal period,
the body grows larger and
its systems begin to function.
All embryonic and fetal ages
in this program
refer to the time
since fertilization.